The podcast episodes demonstrate the widespread use of animal models, particularly mice, primates, and other mammals, in various areas of biomedical research, including studying longevity, neurodegenerative diseases, and autism.

For example, episode 43866 discusses the lack of menstruating animal models and efforts to create artificial models like mice to study female reproductive health, while episode 31529 explores the use of animal models, including mice and primates, to investigate the effects of the klotho protein on cognitive function and Alzheimer's disease.

Similarly, episode 8316 examines experiments conducted on aging in animal models like mice, monkeys, and cell cultures, and episode 1873 mentions the use of 'bubble mice' without gut microbes to demonstrate the influence of gut bacteria on the brain and behavior.